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2017/10/06 |
AJPHCP - Excess Omega-6 FA Influx in Aging Drives Metabolic Dysregulation
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Kain V, Ingle KA, Kachman M, et al. Excess Omega-6 Fatty Acids Influx in Aging Drives Metabolic Dysregulation, Electrocardiographic Alterations and Low-grade Chronic Inflammation. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2017 Oct 6:ajpheart.00297.2017.
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Maintaining a balance of omega-6 and -3 fatty acids is essential for cardiac health. Current omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids in the American diet has shifted from the ideal ratio of 2:1 to almost 20:1, while there is a body of evidence suggest the negative impact of such a shift in younger organisms, the underlying age-related metabolic signaling in response to the excess influx of omega-6 is incompletely understood. In the current study, young (6-month-old) and aging (≥18-month-old) mice were fed for two months with omega-6 enriched diet. Excess intake of omega-6 enrichment decreased the total lean mass, increased nighttime carbohydrate utilization with higher levels of cardiac cytokines indicated low-grade chronic inflammation. Dobutamine-induced stress tests displayed an increase in PR interval, a sign of an atrioventricular defect in omega-6 fed aging mice. Excess omega-6 fatty acidsintake in aging mice showed a decreased 12-lipoxygenase with a concomitant increase in 15-lipoxygenase levels, resulting in generation of 15-S-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, while cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 generated prostaglandin E2, leukotriene B4, and thromboxane B2 Furthermore, excessive omega-6 fatty acids led to dysregulated Nrf-2-ARE in aging. Moreover, omega-6 fatty acids-mediated changes were profound in aging mice with respect to eicosanoids profile while minimal changes were observed in size and shape of the cardiomyocytes. These findings provide compelling evidence that surplus consumption of omega-6 fatty acids, coupled with insufficient intake of omega-3 is linked to abnormal changes in ECG. These manifestations contribute to functional deficiencies and expansion of the inflammatory mediators milieu during later stages of aging. |
Source:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28986357
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