The interactions between fatty acids (FA) classes: polyunsaturated (PUFA-ω6, PUFA-ω3), saturated (SFA), EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid-ω3), DHA (docosahexaenoic-ω3) and cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS) clusters, thrombosis development and vascular inflammation are subtle. This relationship is mediated by insulin resistance (IR), endothelial dysfunction, platelet aggregation disorder and atherosclerosis.

OBJECTIVES:
We investigated whether PUFA/SFA - PUFA-ω6/PUFA-ω3 ratios and EPA + DHA can be associated with predictive atherothrombogenic biomarkers status in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with or without hypertension (HT). The study was conducted on 507 adult subjects (men and women) cohort (36-54 years), divided into 3 groups: T2D, diabetic-hypertensive (DH) and healthy group. Patients were phenotyped regarding their CMS profile using the NCEP/ATPIII criteria. Hypertension was defined as systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg, respectively. Insulin resistance was assessed by Homa-IR model. Metabolic, atherothrombogenic and inflammatory parameters (CRP) were analyzed by various automata; Non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) by microfluorimetry; PUFA-ω6 and PUFA-ω3 by gas phase chromatography. CMS clusters and IR were found in T2D and DH groups. Dyslipidemia was correlated with accretion NEFA levels. The PUFA/SFA ratio and PUFA-ω3 level are decreased, concomitant with an increase ApoB100/ApoA1 ratio and very high lipoprotein (a) concentrations. Raising the PUFA-ω6/PUFA-ω3 ratio and PUFA-ω6 levels were associated with the drop HDL-c/LDL-c ratio and EPA+DHA drastic depletion. In conclusion, fatty acids nutritional quality may be associated with atherothrombogenic biomarkers, mainly Lp (a), to prevent the thrombosis and an accident vascular risk in diabetic-hypertensive subjects